Country COVID-19 vaccine post-introduction evaluations (cPIE): Cross-country review of findings

CDC and The Task Force for Global Health

Between November 2021 and April 2023, twenty low- and middle-income countries conducted COVID-19 vaccine post-introduction evaluations (cPIEs). Ministries of Health commissioned the evaluations, in-country teams carried them out six to eighteen months after vaccination began, and each followed the nine chapters of the country's National Deployment and Vaccination Plan. This report synthesises the anonymised findings, drawing on quantitative data from 16 countries and qualitative data from all 20.

Several constraints recurred across regions. Countries did not report significant vaccine stock-outs, but cold chain capacity and waste disposal remained weak at facility level. Funds reached national accounts faster than they reached subnational levels, which delayed health worker salaries and incentives. Countries also noted that some of the new regulatory processes might apply only to COVID-19 vaccines. The report sets out where countries saw scope to carry these gains into routine immunisation and primary health care.

MMGH compiled the country findings and drafted the report.